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Pub. L. No. is required.
Required.
Required.
⚠ Article 6 was withdrawn by the ULC in 1999. Cite only if the jurisdiction still has it in force.
Section is required.
Required.
Act name is required.
Section is required.
Required.
Required.
Required.
Ruling number is required.
Volume or year is required.
For Rev. Rul. and Rev. Proc.: "YYYY-N"
(e.g. 1981-2). For T.D.: plain volume number (e.g. 17).
Page is required.
Include year only for T.D. citations.
Rev. Rul. and Rev. Proc. do not use a year parenthetical.
Title number is required.
The number before "C.F.R." (e.g. 36 C.F.R.)
Section is required.
Year is required.
Include if the regulation is commonly known by name
Section is required.
Year is required.
Ruling number is required.
Volume or year is required.
Rev. Rul. and Rev. Proc.: "YYYY-N" (e.g. 1981-2). T.D.: plain volume (e.g. 17).
Page is required.
Include year only for T.D. citations.
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Constitution Information
§ added automatically.
cl. added automatically.
Author is required.
For one author, type normally. For two authors, use the field below — auto-combines as "A & B". For three+, type "First Author et al."
Title is required.
Title will be italicized in output
Page or section is required.
Numbered or named edition only (e.g., "8th ed."). Do not include editors here — use the Editors field below.
For edited volumes. Two editors: "A & B". Three+: "A et al." Formats as "(A & B eds., year)".
Formats as "(Translator trans., Publisher year)" per Indigo R28.
Required only for translated works per Indigo R28 example.
Appended as a second parenthetical: "(trans. year) (orig. year)".
Year is required.
For multi-volume works; placed before author
Author is required.
Essay title is required.
Collection title is required.
First page is required.
Formats as "(A & B eds., year)".
Year is required.
Document abbreviation is required.
Use standard abbreviations per R24. E.g., Compl. (Complaint), Br. (Brief), Tr. (Transcript), Aff. (Affidavit), Decl. (Declaration), Dep. (Deposition).
Page, paragraph, or line is required.
Include when relevant or omission would cause confusion per R24.
Include ECF number for electronically filed documents per R24.
When the cited case has not been decided, enter the filing date in the Date field above (e.g., "May 7, 2014") instead of a year.
Add when citing a document from a different case per R25.
Author is required.
Title is required.
Title will be italicized in output
Volume is required.
Journal name is required.
First page is required.
Year is required.
Author is required.
Title is required.
Publication is required.
Date is required.
Format: Mon. DD, YYYY (e.g. Nov. 24, 2014)
Page is required.
Omit if unsigned
Title is required.
Newspaper name is required.
Date is required.
Page is required.
Bill number is required.
Number only — bill type is added automatically
Congress is required.
e.g. "108th Cong." — include "Cong."
Include § symbol
Year is required.
Appended as a parenthetical, e.g., "(as passed by House)".
Include if the bill has a commonly used name
Report number is required.
Format: Congress-Number (e.g. 106-261)
Page number within the report
Year is required.
Two- or three-letter state abbreviation per Indigo T3.
Bill number is required.
Session is required.
Year is required.
Hearing title is required.
Committee is required.
Abbreviated per Indigo Table T5. E.g., "S. Comm. on Finance", "H. Comm. on the Judiciary".
Congress is required.
For state legislative hearings, enter state abbreviation per T12. Formats as "(State Year)" in parenthetical.
Year is required.
Formats as "(statement of Name, Title)".
Volume is required.
Page is required.
Include chamber prefix: S#### for Senate, H#### for House. E.g., S3801, H1234.
Date is required.
Abbreviated month per Indigo T12. E.g., "Mar. 16, 1995", "Jan. 4, 2023".
Use "daily ed." for the daily Congressional Record (most common). Leave blank for the permanent bound edition.
Formats as "(statement of Speaker)". E.g., "Sen. Dole", "Rep. Smith".
Case Information
Volume is required.
Reporter is required.
Page is required.
Year is required.
Docket number is required.
Include the prefix as it appears
Court is required.
Court website only — not in Westlaw or LEXIS
Include only when the opinion is available online but not in LEXIS/Westlaw
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Year From must be earlier than Year To
Citation Details
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